Medical Research Case Study, MU, Malaysia A new genome-editing technology namely Clustered Regularly Interspaced Palindromic Repeats has been discovered
University | Mahsa University (MU) |
Subject | Medical Research |
A new genome-editing technology namely Clustered Regularly Interspaced Palindromic Repeats has been discovered in the late 1980s as part of the adaptive immune system in bacteria and archaea but yet, but many aspects of the biological tool were still unknown including its molecular structure, functions, and mechanism. This has caused underappreciation for decades.
In the 1990s, many CRISPR-associated types of research focused on microbial genetics including enterobacteria, M. tuberculosis, cyanobacteria, and S.pyogenes. Meanwhile, in the early 2000s, researchers began to explore in detail the structure and components, especially the Cas gene. By 2005, they started to understand the molecular structure of CRISPR and its mechanism of action which later drive the system to be applied in many branches of medicine including in oncology.
The Discovery of CRISPR/Cas9 technology has revolutionized the application of the gene-editing system in life sciences and medical research. Previously, researchers had employed a few other gene-editing technology systems such as zinc finger nuclease and transcription activator-like effector nuclease. In ZFN, it contains structurally zinc finger dimers that specifically recognize and bind to the target site.
At the same time, it also comprises the cleavage domain of FokI that is linked to an array of these three to six zinc fingers. This cleavage domain of FokI would cause double-strand DNA breaks that would be repaired by non-homologous end joining. Meanwhile, TALEN structurally consists of the DNA-binding domain and FokI catalytic domain.
In the binding process, one binding domain recognizes one nucleotide of a target DNA sequence in which two amino acid residues in the monomer are responsible for the binding. Recognition sites are located on the opposite DNA strands at a distance enough for the dimerization of the FokI catalytic domains.
These FokI catalytic domains cause a double-strand DNA break. This double-strand DNA break would lead to an NHEJ repair mechanism that will cause small insertion or deletion. The general structure of the gene-editing technologies is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1: Basic structure of gene-editing tools. The CRISPR complex consists of gRNA, track RNA, and Cas protein. Meanwhile, TALEN comprises DNA-binding domains and FokI as the catalytic domain while Zinc Finger Nuclease is composed of zinc finger dimers and FokI as a catalytic domain.
Get Help By Expert
Looking for top-quality assignment help? Look no further than AssignmentHelper.My! Our team of experienced writers is dedicated to helping students like you succeed in their studies. Simply ask us "do my assignment for me" and we will start working on your assignment right away. We'll take care of every aspect of your assignment, from research and writing to formatting and editing, to ensure that it meets all the requirements and earns you the grade you want.
Recent Solved Questions
- NBHS1213: Anatomy and Physiology 2 Assignment, OUM, Malaysia Discuss the urinary system and its components from the perspective of anatomy and physiology
- CSM80050: Construction Contract Management Assignment, SUT, Malaysia Critically review and identify issues and challenges and Critical Success Factors in contract management
- Discuss the importance of HRD programme evaluation for organisational success: Training And Development Assignment, UON, Malaysia
- UKFB3053 Financial Markets & Regulations Assignment, UTAR, Malaysia Discuss whether it is rationale for the Royal Commission of Inquiry (“RCI”) to revisiting the allegations on the matter in 2017
- HRM3183: Analyse the process and general consideration of performance management system in an organisation: PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT Case Study, UPTM, Malaysia
- ACC116: Introduction to Cost Accounting Assignment, UiTM, Malaysia
- BBEK1103:Principles Of Microeconomics Assignment OUM Malaysia
- Organizational Development Assignment, UIU, Malaysia Pelajar dikehendald menulis artikel yang berkagan dengan taluk yang diberikan akan ditentukan oleh
- MPA21603: Managerial Economics Assignment, UTHM, Malaysia The demand and supply concepts are two of the basic concept in microeconomics. Select any decision-making
- Association between food insecurity and cognitive function among older adults Research Paper, UOS, Malaysia What is the association between cognitive functioning and food insecurity in the Malaysian older population aged 60 years and above