BIO082 Biology II UITM Assignment Sample Malaysia

BIO082 Biology II is an engaging and interactive course offered at UITM, Malaysia. The course aims to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of fundamental concepts and principles in various areas of biology. Throughout the course, students will delve into the fascinating realms of microbiology, ecology, respiration, reproduction, growth and development, as well as the coordination and transportation systems of both plants and animals.

The BIO082 course combines theoretical knowledge with hands-on practical experiences, as students will have the opportunity to perform experiments that are directly related to the basic concepts and principles in biology. This practical component enhances their understanding of the subject matter and allows them to apply their knowledge in a practical setting.

By the end of BIO082 Biology II, students will have developed a solid foundation in key areas of biology. We will have gained a deeper understanding of microbiological processes, ecological relationships, respiratory systems, reproductive mechanisms, growth and development processes, as well as the coordination and transportation systems in plants and animals.

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Assignment Activity 1 : Explain the terminologies, basic concepts and principles in microbiology, ecology, respiration, reproduction, growth and development, coordination and transportation system of plant and animal.

Microbiology:

Microbiology is the branch of biology that focuses on the study of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. It involves the investigation of their structure, function, growth, reproduction, and interactions with other organisms. Microbiologists play a crucial role in understanding and combating diseases, developing antibiotics, studying the role of microbes in various ecosystems, and exploring biotechnological applications.

Ecology: 

Ecology is the scientific study of the relationships between organisms and their environment. It examines how organisms interact with each other and their surroundings, including other organisms, physical factors (such as temperature, light, and nutrients), and the broader ecosystem. Ecologists investigate concepts such as population dynamics, community structure, energy flow, nutrient cycling, and the impact of human activities on ecosystems.

Respiration: 

Respiration is the biological process by which organisms obtain energy from organic compounds, typically through the consumption of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide. In animals, respiration involves the exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between the organism and its environment. In plants, respiration occurs in both the roots and leaves, and it involves the breakdown of glucose to produce energy.

Reproduction: 

Reproduction refers to the biological process by which new individuals of the same species are produced. In animals, reproduction can occur sexually or asexually. Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of gametes (sperm and egg) from two parents, leading to genetic diversity. Asexual reproduction involves the production of offspring without the involvement of gametes, resulting in genetically identical individuals. In plants, reproduction can occur through sexual reproduction (involving flowers and pollination) or asexual reproduction (such as vegetative propagation).

Growth and Development: 

Growth refers to the increase in size or mass of an organism over time. It occurs through cell division and cell enlargement. Development, on the other hand, encompasses the changes an organism undergoes throughout its life cycle, including differentiation, morphogenesis, and maturation. Development involves the coordination of various biological processes, such as cell specialization, tissue formation, and organ formation.

Coordination and Transportation System of Plants and Animals:

 Plants and animals have specialized systems for coordination and transportation. In animals, the nervous system and the endocrine system work together to coordinate activities and maintain homeostasis. The nervous system uses electrical impulses to transmit signals, while the endocrine system uses hormones. Animals have circulatory systems (such as the cardiovascular system in humans) that transport substances like oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body.

In plants, coordination and transportation occur through the vascular system. The xylem transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves, while the phloem transports sugars and other organic compounds throughout the plant. Plants lack a centralized nervous system but have specialized cells (such as guard cells and receptor cells) that respond to external stimuli and coordinate various processes.

Assignment Activity 2 : Respond to the observation and complete the laboratory datasheet in experiment related to basic concepts and principles in biology.

Experiment: Effect of Different pH Levels on Seed Germination

Objective: To investigate the influence of pH levels on the germination of seeds.

Procedure:

• Prepare six petri dishes, each labeled with the pH level to be tested (pH 3, pH 5, pH 7, pH 9, pH 11, and pH 13).
• Place a filter paper in each petri dish and moisten it with distilled water.
• Collect ten seeds of the same plant species and place two seeds on the filter paper in each petri dish.
• Carefully add 5 mL of the corresponding pH solution to each dish, ensuring the seeds are not disturbed.
• Cover the petri dishes and place them in a controlled environment with a constant temperature and light conditions.
• Observe and record the progress of seed germination daily for a period of seven days.
• Measure and record the length of the germinated seedlings on the seventh day.

Hypothetical Observation:

Day 1:

• pH 3: No visible change in the seeds. No signs of germination.
• pH 5: No visible change in the seeds. No signs of germination.
• pH 7: No visible change in the seeds. No signs of germination.
• pH 9: No visible change in the seeds. No signs of germination.
• pH 11: No visible change in the seeds. No signs of germination.
• pH 13: No visible change in the seeds. No signs of germination.

Day 2:

• pH 3: No visible change in the seeds. No signs of germination.
• pH 5: No visible change in the seeds. No signs of germination.
• pH 7: Small cracks observed on the seed coat of one seed. No significant growth.
• pH 9: No visible change in the seeds. No signs of germination.
• pH 11: No visible change in the seeds. No signs of germination.
• pH 13: No visible change in the seeds. No signs of germination.

(Note: The hypothetical observation can be continued for the remaining days of the experiment, noting any changes in germination rate, seedling growth, or abnormalities in the different pH levels.)

Day 7:

• pH 3: No germination observed.
• pH 5: One seedling has germinated and grown to a length of 2 cm.
• pH 7: Two seedlings have germinated, measuring 1.5 cm and 2.5 cm in length.
• pH 9: No germination observed.
• pH 11: No germination observed.
• pH 13: No germination observed.

These observations provide a preliminary understanding of how different pH levels may impact seed germination. Further analysis and statistical evaluation would be necessary to draw definitive conclusions from the experiment.

Assignment Activity 3 : Demonstrate values, ethics and professionalism in both the laboratory and classroom.

Values, ethics, and professionalism play crucial roles in both the laboratory and classroom settings. Here are some ways to demonstrate these qualities:

• Respect: Treat your fellow students, teachers, and laboratory staff with respect and courtesy. Listen attentively to others’ ideas, opinions, and instructions, and respond in a polite manner.
• Integrity: Uphold high ethical standards by being honest, trustworthy, and responsible. Follow established protocols, guidelines, and safety measures in the laboratory, and maintain academic honesty in the classroom by giving credit to original sources and avoiding plagiarism.
• Collaboration: Foster a collaborative and inclusive environment by actively participating in group activities, sharing knowledge and resources, and respecting diverse perspectives. Work effectively as a team member, demonstrating good communication and interpersonal skills.
• Professionalism: Take your studies seriously and approach laboratory work and classroom activities with a professional mindset. Be punctual, prepared, and organized. Take ownership of your work, meet deadlines, and strive for excellence.
• Safety: Prioritize safety in the laboratory by following all safety guidelines, wearing appropriate protective equipment, and being aware of potential hazards. Report any accidents, incidents, or unsafe conditions promptly.
• Confidentiality: Respect the confidentiality of personal and sensitive information shared in both the laboratory and classroom. Avoid sharing or discussing confidential information without proper authorization.
• Environmental consciousness: Show consideration for the environment by practicing responsible waste management, conserving resources, and minimizing your ecological footprint in both the laboratory and classroom.

By incorporating these values, ethics, and professionalism, you can contribute to a positive and productive learning environment while developing important skills for future scientific endeavors.

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